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The Land War ((アイルランド語:Cogadh na Talún)) in Irish history was a period of agrarian agitation in rural Ireland in the 1870s, 1880s and 1890s. The agitation was led by the Irish National Land League and was dedicated to bettering the position of tenant farmers and ultimately to a redistribution of land to tenants from landlords, especially absentee landlords. While there were many violent incidents and some deaths in this campaign, it was not actually a "war", but rather a prolonged period of civil unrest. ==Background== In February 1870 the ''Land Conference'', at a public sitting, passed resolutions condemning "capricious evictions" and demanding *"permanent fixture of the tenant in the soil" *eviction only on non-payment of rent *right of sale of interest by the tenant *the establishment of local land tribunals and the valuation of rent.〔''Ireland:From Our Own Correspondent''; The Times; 4 Feb 1870; pg8 col A〕 (These were commonly known as the Three Fs: Free sale, Fixity of tenure and Fair rent.) At this point, most Irish tenant farmers outside Ulster had few rights at law. The "Ulster Custom" was itself an informal extra-legal business practice designed to attract busier and richer tenants. Tenant farmers had no right to be given a written lease, and when a rental agreement (usually for 12 months) ended they could be evicted. When evicted they could not claim compensation for any improvements they had made on their farm, which was not the case in Britain or Ulster. If they had a lease they could not sell the remaining term.〔("Land war in Ireland" by James Godkin, 1870; online text )〕 Later in 1870 James Godkin's influential book "The Land-War In Ireland A History For The Times" was published, listing the long-standing nature of the tenants' grievances and giving the name to the ensuing dispute.〔(Godkin J., "The Land-War In Ireland A History For The Times" (1870), etext published on-line by Project Gutenberg )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Land War」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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